Testosterone replacement: when is there a role?

Dehydroepiandrosterone: is there a role for replacement?

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfated ester are found in high concentrations in the plasma; however, their role in normal human physiology, other than as precursors for sex hormones, remains incompletely defined. Studies of rodent models have shown that these hormones have beneficial effects on a wide variety of conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, immune function, atherosclerosis, a...

Why Believe That There Is a God?

This article presents an argument for the existence of God, showing that the evident phenomena are best explained by supposing that a God causes them. The argument is based on the inductive force of four very evident general phenomena: that there is a physical Universe; that it is governed by very simple natural laws; that those laws are such as to lead to the existence of human bodies; and tha...

Vitamin D: Is There a New Era?

  Background: In recent decades, much interest has been focused on investigating new roles of vitamin D in human body beyond the mineral-ion homeostasis. Methods: By searching medical databases such as PubMed, over 16000 articles were found which have been published since 2000 on novel aspects of vitamin D in health and diseases. Results: Of great interest was the effects of vitamin D on ...

When Is There a Free Matrix Lunch?

The “no-free lunch theorems” essentially say that for any two algorithms A and B, there are “as many” targets (or priors over targets) for which A has lower expected loss than B as vice-versa. This can be made precise for certain loss functions [WM97]. This note concerns itself with cases where seemingly harder matrix versions of the algorithms have the same on-line loss bounds as the correspon...

Testosterone and coronary heart disease: is there a link?